Root Canal Treatment (Endodontics)

What is Root Canal Treatment (Endodontics)?

Root canal treatment is a dental procedure performed to remove the infected or damaged nerve tissue (pulp) from inside the tooth and treat it while preserving the tooth's functions. The soft tissues inside the tooth consist of nerves and blood vessels that provide vitality to the tooth. When these tissues are damaged due to decay or trauma, infections and inflammation occur. If not treated, this issue can lead to serious consequences, including tooth loss.

When is Root Canal Treatment Necessary?

Conditions that damage the tooth's root canal typically result from untreated long-term tooth decay or trauma to the tooth. The main situations that require root canal treatment are:

• Tooth Decay: Deep and advanced tooth decay can progress to the pulp tissue, causing infection. In this case, root canal treatment is unavoidable.
• Tooth Trauma: A severe blow to the tooth or an accident may damage the tooth's nerve tissue.
• Pulp Inflammation: Inflammation in the tooth's nerve tissue (pulpitis) is usually indicated by severe pain, and in this case, root canal treatment may be required.
• Canal Reinfection: If an infection recurs in a tooth that has previously undergone root canal treatment, the procedure may be repeated.

How is Root Canal Treatment Performed?

Root canal treatment is typically performed in several steps, with local anesthesia applied to ensure the patient feels no pain during the procedure. Here are the basic stages of root canal treatment:

• X-ray and Diagnosis: First, an X-ray is taken to examine the tooth's root structure and determine the extent of the infection.
• Anesthesia: Local anesthesia is administered to numb the tooth and surrounding tissues, ensuring the patient feels no pain during the procedure.
• Pulp Cleaning: A hole is made in the top of the tooth, and the infected pulp tissue is carefully removed using specialized tools.
• Shaping the Root Canals: The tooth's root canals are shaped using special files, and the canal space is disinfected to eliminate bacteria.
• Canal Filling: The root canals are filled with a biocompatible filling material. This material ensures the tooth's internal structure remains intact and prevents reinfection.
• Restoring the Tooth: After the root canal treatment is completed, a permanent filling is typically placed, or if the tooth is severely damaged, a crown may be used for support.

Advantages of Root Canal Treatment

Root canal treatment is an important procedure to save an infected tooth and prevent it from being extracted. Here are some advantages of this treatment:

• Tooth Preservation: Root canal treatment saves the tooth without extraction, preserving the natural tooth structure.
• Relief from Pain: Root canal treatment eliminates severe pain caused by infection.
• Continued Functionality: The tooth's functionality is preserved, allowing the patient to continue daily activities such as chewing and speaking normally.
• Long-Term Solution: When performed correctly and supported by good oral care, root canal treatment can significantly extend the life of the tooth.

Post-Treatment Care for Root Canal Treatment

There are several important points to consider after root canal treatment to speed up the recovery process and ensure the long-term health of the tooth:

• Pain and Sensitivity: A slight pain or sensitivity may occur for a few days after treatment, but this is usually temporary. Painkillers recommended by your dentist can help during this period.
• Oral Care: Proper oral hygiene is vital for maintaining the tooth's health. Brush your teeth at least twice a day, use dental floss, and visit your dentist regularly for check-ups.
• Temporary Filling: If a temporary filling was placed after root canal treatment, it may break or wear down over time. It is recommended to avoid hard foods until a permanent filling or crown is placed.
• Dental Crown: Root canal-treated teeth, especially if weakened, can be supported with a crown. This provides long-term protection and an aesthetic solution.

Risks and Alternatives to Root Canal Treatment

As with any medical procedure, root canal treatment has some risks and alternatives. If the infection is not completely cleared during the procedure, reinfection can occur. Additionally, depending on the tooth's root structure, there is a risk of fracture after treatment. For teeth that are damaged beyond repair, alternative treatments such as tooth extraction and implants may be considered.

How Long Does Root Canal Treatment Take?

The duration of root canal treatment can vary depending on the tooth's root structure and the extent of the infection. Some treatments can be completed in a single session, while others may require multiple visits. If there is a severe infection inside the tooth, the treatment process may take longer.

Root canal treatment is an effective procedure that saves an infected tooth from being extracted. When performed by a skilled dentist, it offers long-term solutions that allow the tooth to continue functioning healthily. If you experience severe tooth pain, sensitivity to hot and cold, or swelling, don't ignore the possibility that you may need root canal treatment, and consult your dentist as soon as possible.